Elementary Algebra 2e

Chapter 1 Foundations
15 Topics
Introduction
1.1 Introduction to Whole Numbers
1.2 Use the Language of Algebra
1.3 Add and Subtract Integers
1.4 Multiply and Divide Integers
1.5 Visualize Fractions
1.6 Add and Subtract Fractions
1.7 Decimals
1.8 The Real Numbers
1.9 Properties of Real Numbers
1.10 Systems of Measurement
Chapter Review Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
Chapter 2 Solving Linear Equations and Inequalities
12 Topics
Introduction
2.1 Solve Equations Using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality
2.2 Solve Equations using the Division and Multiplication Properties of Equality
2.3 Solve Equations with Variables and Constants on Both Sides
2.4 Use a General Strategy to Solve Linear Equations
2.5 Solve Equations with Fractions or Decimals
2.6 Solve a Formula for a Specific Variable
2.7 Solve Linear Inequalities
Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
Chapter 3 Math Models
11 Topics
Introduction
3.1 Use a Problem-Solving Strategy
3.2 Solve Percent Applications
3.3 Solve Mixture Applications
3.4 Solve Geometry Applications: Triangles, Rectangles, and the Pythagorean Theorem
3.5 Solve Uniform Motion Applications
3.6 Solve Applications with Linear Inequalities
Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
Chapter 4 Graphs
12 Topics
Introduction
4.1 Use the Rectangular Coordinate System
4.2 Graph Linear Equations in Two Variables
4.3 Graph with Intercepts
4.4 Understand Slope of a Line
4.5 Use the Slope-Intercept Form of an Equation of a Line
4.6 Find the Equation of a Line
4.7 Graphs of Linear Inequalities
Chapter Review
Key Terms
Review Exercises
Practice Test
Chapter 5 Systems of Linear Equations
5 Topics
Introduction
5.1 Solve Systems of Equations by Graphing
5.3 Solve Systems of Equations by Elimination
5.5 Solve Mixture Applications with Systems of Equations
5.4 Solve Applications with Systems of Equations
Chapter 6 Polynomials
12 Topics
Introduction
6.1 Add and Subtract Polynomials
6.2 Use Multiplication Properties of Exponents
6.3 Multiply Polynomials
6.4 Special Products
6.5 Divide Monomials
6.6 Divide Polynomials
6.7 Integer Exponents and Scientific Notation
Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
7 Factoring
11 Topics
Introduction
7.1 Greatest Common Factor and Factor by Grouping
7.2 Factor Trinomials of the Form x2+bx+c
7.3 Factor Trinomials of the Form ax2+bx+c
7.4 Factor Special Products
7.5 General Strategy for Factoring Polynomials
7.6 Quadratic Equations
Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
8 Rational Expressions and Equations
14 Topics
Introduction
8.1 Simplify Rational Expressions
8.2 Multiply and Divide Rational Expressions
8.3 Add and Subtract Rational Expressions with a Common Denominator
8.4 Add and Subtract Rational Expressions with Unlike Denominators
8.5 Simplify Complex Rational Expressions
8.6 Solve Rational Equations
8.7 Solve Proportion and Similar Figure Applications
8.8 Solve Uniform Motion and Work Applications
8.9 Use Direct and Inverse Variation
Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
9 Roots and Radicals
13 Topics
Introduction
9.1 Simplify and Use Square Roots
9.2 Simplify Square Roots
9.3 Add and Subtract Square Roots
9.4 Multiply Square Roots
9.5 Divide Square Roots
9.6 Solve Equations with Square Roots
9.7 Higher Roots
9.8 Rational Exponents
Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
10 Quadratic Equations
10 Topics
Introduction
10.1 Solve Quadratic Equations Using the Square Root Property
10.2 Solve Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square
10.3 Solve Quadratic Equations Using the Quadratic Formula
10.4 Solve Applications Modeled by Quadratic Equations
10.5 Graphing Quadratic Equations in Two Variables
Key Terms
Key Concepts
Review Exercises
Practice Test
Answer Key
1 Topic
Index
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1.9 Properties of Real Numbers

Elementary Algebra 2e Chapter 1 Foundations 1.9 Properties of Real Numbers

Learning Objectives

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

  • Use the commutative and associative properties
  • Use the identity and inverse properties of addition and multiplication
  • Use the properties of zero
  • Simplify expressions using the distributive property

When we have to simplify algebraic expressions, we can often make the work easier by applying the commutative or associative property first, instead of automatically following the order of operations. When adding or subtracting fractions, combine those with a common denominator first.

Using the distributive property as shown in Example 1.134 will be very useful when we solve money applications in later chapters.

All the properties of real numbers we have used in this chapter are summarized in Table 1.57.

Self Check

ⓐ After completing the exercises, use this checklist to evaluate your mastery of the objectives of this section.This is a table that has five rows and four columns. In the first row, which is a header row, the cells read from left to right “I can…,” “Confidently,” “With some help,” and “No-I don’t get it!” The first column below “I can…” reads “use the commutative and associative properties,” “use the identity and inverse properties of addition and multiplication,” “use the properties of zero,” and “simplify expressions using the distributive property.” The rest of the cells are blank.

ⓑ After reviewing this checklist, what will you do to become confident for all objectives?

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